Yakazara Gaidhi kune Vaccines Inodiwa kune Vashanyi veIndia
ngovepo
Iyo yakazara nhamba yevashanyi uye bhizinesi vashanyi vanosvika Indian e-Visa yakawedzera kusvika mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu. Inenge 15% yevashanyi vanosvika muIndia inoda kutariswa kwechiremba panguva kana mushure merwendo rwavo kuIndia; zvisungo zvekutanga ndezvezvirwere zvinodzivirirwa nemasoja emuviri.
Vashanyi veIndia vanogona kazhinji uye kazhinji inogona kukanganiswa nezvirwere zvinotakurwa nemvura (kumhanya, enteric fever, yakanyanya hutachiona hepatitis), chirwere-chakanangana nemvura (jungle fever, dengue, Japan encephalitis), zoonotic maladhi (marabha), uye kunze kwezvirwere zvisiri zvechirwere (yellow fever). Kuisirwa kweanogona kudzivirira maladies kwave kuchionekwa senge yakakosha nyaya ine chekufamba. Inoculation yeIndia Visa vashanyi inogona kuve inoponesa hupenyu uye iri hwaro hwekuchengetedzeka kwehutano panguva yemafaro kana rwendo rwebhizinesi kuIndia.
The World Health Organization (WHO) inosimbisa kuti mushanyi wese kuIndia anofanirwa kuziviswa zvizere nezve inoculation yenguva dzose, iyo inochinja sezvakaratidzwa nezera remuenzi weIndia Visa, nhoroondo yekudzivirira; hurwere huripo, kureba, zvinodiwa zviri pamutemo zvechikamu mumarudzi ari kushanyirwa, Indian Visa hunhu hwemushanyi, uye hunhu. Mushanyi kuIndia anofanira kurairana navanachiremba mune chero chiitiko 4 kusvika 6 masvondo asati aenda kuIndia kuitira kuti pave nenguva yakakwana yekuzadzikiswa kwezvirongwa zvekudzivirira.
Nzira dzezviratidzo
Zvisinei nekwauri kuenda, the Center of Disease Control (CDC) inorayira kuwana nhanho yakanaka pamajekiseni emazuva ese usati waenda kuIndia. Vazhinji vakuru vekuAmerica vanowana kurapwa kwakajairika vavepo pazvipfuti izvi, izvo zvinosanganisira gwirikwiti-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria-lockjaw pertussis, varicella (chickenpox) nemajekiseni eporiyo. Ziva kuti chero munhu anowana lockjaw antibody anofanira kuwanawo mubatsiri apfurwa senge wachi, kana nguva ichiripo kana munhu wacho akakuvara.
The Center for Disease Control (CDC) zvakare inofunga kuti hutachiona hwemwaka uno hunotonhora hwakapfura imwe yeakajairika masoja ekudzivirira chirwere ayo munhu wese akakodzera anofanirwa kuwana asati aenda kuIndia.
NDIANI Anokurudzira Iyi Zororo kune Vafambi Kuenda kuIndia (Sezvineiwo Kuve Kusvika Parizvino neMayles, Mumps, uye Rubella Vaccinations).
Vakakura-up diphtheria uye Lockjaw gomarara
Izvi hazvina kukwirira zvakanyanya kana zvisingaitike kuitika kune mushanyi mumakore gumi apfuura. Zviratidzo zviripo sekurwadziwa panzvimbo yekuzvidzivirira uye fivha.
Hepatitis A Mushonga
Hepatitis A ichave iri chaiyo asi ichirapika chirwere chechiropa icho chinopararira kuburikidza nekudya uye chinwiwa uye nekugunzva-ganda kuganda nemunhu akasvibiswa. Kudya zvisina tsvina, kusashambidzwa kana kudya kwakabikwa-hafu, kana kunwa tap kana mvura tsime, kunomutsa njodzi yako yekubatwa nehepatitis A kana uchipfuura nematanho enyika
Nyika shoma - dzinosanganisira Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Australia neWestern Europe nyika - dziri nani pakudzora uye kubvisa hepatitis A. Chero zvazvingava, kune Indian Tourist Visa vane uye avo vari kuda kuuya kuIndia, iyo Center for Disease Control. (CDC) inokurudzira kuwana inoculated yeHepatitis A kana isati yatoitwa munyika yavo. Chiri kukahadzika ndechekuti kuwana jekiseni iri nguva isati yasvika yerwendo rwekuenda kuIndia kunoda chiziviso chekutanga. Inopiwa mukati 2 majekiseni, akaparadzaniswa nehafu yegore, saka unoda mazuva 180 kuti ubaye nhomba yakakwana yeHepatitis A.
Kubva panguva yekudzivirirwa kwakapihwa kune vese vatsva muUnited States nedzimwe nyika dzakabudirira kumadokero kubva muna2005, ivo vashoma veIndia Vashambadziri Visa vanogona kubva pavakabatirwa chirwere chehepatitis A.
Chirwere cheHepatitis B
Parizvino inofungidzirwa seyakajairika kune vazhinji veIndia Tourist Visa vane. Iyi jekiseni inopihwa pakuzvarwa, pazera remwedzi mitatu uyezve pamwedzi mitanhatu. Nguva yenguva inokurumidza kuwanikwa zvakare seyakasanganiswa jekiseni neHepatitis A. Zvinoitika zvinoshamisa uye zvakapfava, kazhinji kurwadza kwehuropi uye kunyorova kunorwadza panzvimbo yekuisirwa. Kupona mwero i3%.
Cholera Katemera
Korera ndechimwewo chirwere chinopararira kuburikidza nehutano hwakasvibiswa nemvura. Izvo cholera microscopic zvipenyu zvinowanikwa zvese kuburikidza neIndia. Kuita rwendo kuenda kunzvimbo dzakanakisa dzeIndia zvinoreva kuti mharidzo inokwanisika kupfuura vamwe, saka kunyangwe iwe uri kushanyira ndima yakange iine chiitiko chinoramba chichifunga njodzi yako yekudyidzana necholera microscopic.
Inwa mvura yemaminerari, uye dzivirira pombi mvura muIndia. Chirwere chisingajairike uye icho nyanzvi dzinogona kurapa zvine hunhu, asi kuwana masoja ekudzivirira chirwere panguva ino kungave kwakakosha usati wabuda. Korera inokonzeresa kusuruvara kwematumbo, izvo zvinoita kuti varwere vawedzere kuoma nekukurumidza. Muchiitiko chekuti havagone kukurumidza kusvika pakurapwa, chirwere ichi chinogona kufa. Pamwe pamitsetse iyi, muchiitiko chaunofunga kushanyira chidimbu cheIndia icho chine chiitiko chekorera chichienderera mberi kana chiri kure, kuchengetedzwa uku chinhu chakakwana.
Chirwere cheporiyo Chirwere (OPV)
Kubva muna Ndira 2014, masoja ekudzivirira chirwere ichi chinhu chakarairwa kuvashanyi vese veIndia Visa vanoshanyira India kubva kuAfghanistan, Ethiopia, Israel, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan, neSomalia kuti vawane OPV kwenguva ingangoita. Masvondo matanhatu ndege isati yasvika. OPV iri kunyanya kukuvadza kwegore kubva pazuva rekuumbwa kwayo. Rondedzero yenyika iyi inodarika nyika nhatu dzakapihwa neWHO. Chero munhu mukuru akawana majekiseni emwana akanyorerwa asi haana kumbowana anomutsigira semunhu mukuru anofanira kupihwa chikamu chimwe chete chekudzivirira chirwere cheporiyo. Vana vese vanofanirwa kuvandudzwa mumajekiseni avo eporiyo, uye chero munhu mukuru asina kumbobvira apedza gadziriro yekudzivirira yekudzivirira anofanira kuita sekudaro asati asvika kuIndia sevashanyi.
Chirwere chetyphoid
Typhoid fever chirwere chinotyisa. Typhoid antibody yakatemerwa vese veIndia Vashanyi Visa vanoenda kuIndia, zvisinei nekuti vanoshanyira matunhu emumaguta chete. Uku kubaya kwejekiseni kamwe chete kunopa ∼70% vimbiso, inoramba iripo inoshanda for 2 kusvika 3 years. Mapiritsi zvakare anowanikwa kune manejimendi kune isina munhu mudumbu ka3 kuti ishande. Chero zvazvingaitika, iyo infusion inowanzo kurongerwa mune iyo ine mashoma maitiro. Majekiseni ekudzivirira ekudzivirira chirwere anodiwa pamusoro pekubaiwa nemuromo muvanhu vane pamuviri uye vane immune system.
Varicella Vaccine
Iyi jekiseni yakurudzira kune chero wepasirese India Visa mushanyi anopfuura 1 gore rekuzvarwa. Inokurudzirwa kune avo vasina kana yapfuura yakazadzwa nerekodhi hukupox kana kuongororwa ropa kunoratidza kusanzwa. Vazhinji vanhu vanobvuma ivo havana kumbobvira nehukukuku kuratidza kupokana pavakaedzwa uye vasingadi kunetsekana neanorwisa. Varicella antibody haifanirwe kupihwa vanhu vane nhumbu kana vasina kusimba vanhu. Iyo varicella antibody inofanirwawo kuteedzerwa kwenguva refu kuvhiza Indian Tourist Visa vabati (vano tarisira kugara muIndia kweanopfuura mwedzi 1) kana avo vari panjodzi yakasarudzika.
ChiJapan encephalitis Vaccine
Kuchengetwa uku kunorayirwa kuti kuve kwenguva refu .
Nzira yekuisa inoculation inofanira kupedzwa chero chiitiko 7 mazuva asati apinda muIndia kuti ishande. Maitiro anonyanyo zivikanwa ndeye migraines, kurohwa kwemhasuru, uye kurwadziwa uye kunaka panzvimbo yekupinza. Hazvikurudzirwi kuvakadzi vane pamuviri uye vanamukoti.
Meningococcal Vaccine
Iyi jekiseni inopiwa seyoga infusion. Iyo 4 shoti yekudzivirira inopa 2 kune 3 gore rekudzivirira kuIndia yakasungwa vashanyi nevashanyi.
Kurapa kweMalaria
Njodzi dzeMalaria dziripo pese pasirese, kunyanya munzvimbo dzinopisa uye kusimukira. Nzvimbo dzese nenzvimbo dzeIndia, kunze kweavo vari pakukwira kwakanyanya, kwakaratidza zviitiko zvehurwere hwechibereki. Center for Disease Control (CDC) inofunga India Vafambi Visa vanobata kuIndia kumhanya zvine mwero njodzi yekubata chirwere chemukati.
Hosha iyi inopararira nenzira yekurumwa nehuhutu, saka kutora matanho ekudzivirira ndiwo chikamu chikuru chekubva kure nechirwere. Kuvhara ganda, uchishandisa yakasimba bug repellent, uchishandisa zvipfeko uye zvishandiso zvakarapwa nemaethethrin, uye kuzorora pasi pemumhutu wetaipi matanho anogona kubatsira kudzikisa mukana wako wekuwana Malariya.
Hapana antibody to bushall Marariya, zvakadaro India Visa vashanyi vanogona kutora mhinduro inosemesa kumarariya mishonga inodzivirira nzira yeku uye panguva yekushanya kuIndia. Unogona kushandisa ganda rekitsi, umhutu hunodzoreredza uye umhutu mauta kuti uzvidzivirire pachirwere ichi.
Rabies Katemera
Rabi chirwere chinotyisa chehutachiona. The kurwara hakuna kujairika muIndia Visa vashanyi, asi iyo njodzi inowedzera neyakareba uye yakatambanudzwa uye chero mukana wehukama hwemhuka. Iyo antibody inokurudzirwa yeIndia Vashanyi Visa vanobata avo vanofunga kuongorora kunze.
India Visa vashanyi pane yakanyanya njodzi kune imbwa kana batti inoruma (veterinarians uye zvisikwa vanobata), refu haul India Visa vashanyi vanoita chero chero maitikiro angaatakure achibatana zvakananga nemhuka. Vana vanoonekwa panjodzi dzakakwira sezvo vachizotamba nemhuka, vanogona kuwana champs zvishoma nezvishoma, kana kusabika kurumwa.
Kurumwa nechikara/imbwa kunomiririra nguva zhinji dzechimbwamupengo muIndia, ukuwo kurumwa nemhuka, dindingwe, ngamera, uye civet yekuIndia zvinogona kutapurira chimbwamupengo. Chero chipi nechipi chipenyu chinofanirwa kucheneswa nemvura yakawanda yekuchenesa nemvura, uye mazvikokota wezveutano ari pedyo anofanirwa kusvikwa nekukurumidza kuti arapwe mushure mekuratidzwa kunyangwe munhu wacho abaiwa jekiseni rekurwisa chimbwamupengo. Kurongeka kwekutanga kwekutanga kunosanganisira 3 dosages yakapinzwa mu deltoid tsandanyama pamazuva 0 Mazuva, 7 Mazuva, 21 mazuva uye 28 Zuva.
UNOGONA kuwana mishonga yemarabi kana ikarumwa kana kukweshwa nembwa kuIndia.Yellow fever (YF) Katemera
Nyika zhinji dzinoda 'kusimbiswa kwepasirese kweiyo inoculation kana prophylaxis' yakaratidzirwa neanopa kiriniki yeYF yekudzivirira yeIndia Vatambi Visa vanobata kubva kunzvimbo yakasvibiswa. Indian nhungamiro nhungamiro angakumbira chiratidzo cheYero fever (YF) inoculation mune iyo iyo iyo iri kuratidza kubva kuAfrica kana South America kana imwe nzvimbo yeJena fever (YF) nzvimbo. Uchapupu hwe inoculation huchadikanwa mune iyo nyaya chete kana iyeye akashanyira nyika muna YF zone mukati memazuva matanhatu tisati tapinda muIndia . Chero munhu (kunze kwevacheche kusvika pazera remwedzi mitanhatu yezera) achiratidzira asina kubvumidzwa kana humbowo kana akashanya mukati memazuva matanhatu ekupinda muIndia, kana kufamba nenharaunda yakasvibiswa, kana kuratidza muchikepe chechikepe chakatanga kubva. kana kubatwa pane chero chiteshi munzvimbo ine njodzi yekutapurirana kweYF kusvika mazuva makumi matatu isati yaonekwa muIndia, kunze kwekunge chikepe chakadaro chacheneswa zvichitevera nzira yakatemwa neWHO chinozovharirwa kwemazuva matanhatu.
Kubaiwa kwejekiseni reYellow fever (YF) kunofanirwa kudzorwa panzvimbo yakasimbiswa yeYellow fever (YF) inoculation focusing, iyo ichapa mujekiseni wese Chitupa chakabvumidzwa cheInternational cheBaccination. YF yekudzivirira haifanirwe kupihwa kune avo vari pasi pemwedzi ye9 yezera, vane nhumbu, vasina immunocompromised, kana vanonzwa mazai. Izvo zvakare hazvifanirwe kupihwa kune avo vane kumashure kwakaratidzwa ne thymus utachiona kana thymectomy. Kudzivirira hakuna kukurudzirwa kana kudiwa kune India Tourist Visa vane varidzi vanoratidza zviri pamutemo kubva kuNorth America, Europe, Australia, kana dzimwe nyika dzeAsia.
Pasinei nekuenda kuIndia, munhu anofanirwa kuziva kuti kuratidzwa kune chaiwo tupukanana kunogona kuunza chirwere chakakomba. Iko hakuna kusava nechokwadi kuti masoja ekudzivirira chirwere akadzikira kana kurasa zvirwere zvakawanda zvakaremara vana nevakuru makore mashoma apfuura. Pakati pemitsara iyi, Vashanyi vanosungwa kuIndia vanofanirwa kutora masoja ekudzivirira chirwere akatarwa pachirongwa vasati vaenda kuIndia.